Digital certificate and Cl@ve in Spain: complete guide 2026

Digital certificate vs. Cl@ve: what is the difference?

Both allow you to identify yourself to the Administration electronically, but they work differently:

How to get the FNMT digital certificate

Step 1: Request the certificate

1. Go to cert.fnmt.es and click "Individual → Get certificate"
2. Enter your DNI/NIE and an email address
3. You will receive a request code by email

Step 2: Verify your identity

With the code received, you must verify your identity in person at:

• Any AEAT (Tax Agency) office
• Social Security offices
• Town halls and collaborating entities

Bring your DNI/NIE and the request code.

Step 3: Download the certificate

Return to cert.fnmt.es and download the certificate. Import it into your browser (Chrome, Firefox, Edge).

How to activate Cl@ve

Cl@ve PIN (for occasional use)

1. Go to clave.gob.es and register
2. Verify your identity with your DNI/NIE and expiry date
3. Receive a PIN by SMS or email, valid for 24 hours

Cl@ve Permanent (recommended)

1. Register online at clave.gob.es
2. Activate the permanent key via a postal letter to your home address or in person
3. Manage it in the "Cl@ve" mobile app

What procedures can you do with a certificate or Cl@ve?

• Income tax return (AEAT)
• Social Security requests (work history, benefits)
• Immigration procedures (NIE, TIE, authorisations)
• Municipal registration certificates (at most councils)
• Communication with any public body

GovEasy guides you through obtaining your digital certificate and helps you complete procedures from home without having to travel.