Pension in favour of family members (INSS)
When a contributor or pensioner dies and there is no widow/er or orphan benefit covering you, you can apply for this pension if you lived with them and depended on them financially. It covers grandchildren, siblings, parents, grandparents and other tightly defined cases.
What GovEasy does
- Prepares your case file and documentation
- Detects frequent errors before submission
- Saves your progress and reminds you of deadlines
What the agency does
INSS / TGSS
- Receives and reviews your application
- Issues the resolution or official document
Guía completa
What you need to have handy
- Cl@ve, certificado digital or DNIe (if not, you’ll use the form without a certificate and it’s slower).
- Clear PDFs of everything: defunción, Libro de familia, empadronamiento histórico, income proofs, bank account.
- Deceased’s details: NIF/NIE, date of death, employment regime.
- Your relationship and cohabitation: they’ll ask for exact dates and address.
Documentation
- DNI/NIE yours and the causante's.
- Certificado literal de defunción (Registro Civil; you can request it online if the registry is digitalised).
- Libro de familia or certificates of birth/marriage from the Registro Civil proving kinship.
- Certificado de empadronamiento histórico colectivo proving cohabitation (usual: 2 years before the death).
- Proofs of income: IRPF, pay slips, pension certificates, vida laboral if relevant.
- IBAN for the payment.
- Disability (if applicable): official resolution with grade and date.
- If it was a work accident: accident report, company certificate and any PRL paperwork you have.
Step by step
- Check you qualify: no viudedad/orfandad applies, you depended financially and lived with the deceased. If you don’t meet this, the claim will fail.
- Scan everything to PDF (legible). Name files clearly: “Defuncion_Nombre.pdf”, etc.
- Go to the sede: https://sede.seg-social.gob.es > Ciudadanos > Pensiones y prestaciones > Supervivencia. Log in with Cl@ve/certificado/DNIe and choose “Solicitar prestaciones de supervivencia”.
- Select “Pensión en favor de familiares” on the form. Fill in relationship, cohabitation and dependence details. Attach certificado de defunción, empadronamiento histórico, Libro de familia and income proofs.
- Put your account and tick the declarations. Sign and submit. Download the receipt.
- If you get a request for documents, upload them to the expediente via the sede. Don’t leave it to the last minute.
- Check the status on the sede or in “Tu Seguridad Social”. They’ll notify you when they decide and payments will start, with arrears if applicable.
Tricks that save you time
- Order the certificado de empadronamiento histórico colectivo with exact dates; it’s the thing that most holds up files.
- If you don’t have Cl@ve, sign up first. SMS verification works, but the case moves slower.
- If the deceased had a complex work history (multiple regimes), don’t overthink it: give the basics and let the INSS cross-check. Avoid uploading useless papers.
- If you’re unsure about income, attach a declaración responsable and the latest IRPF. Better that than a formal requerimiento.
Common mistakes that can derail the process
- Applying late expecting full back-pay: you only get 3 meses retroactive.
- No proof of cohabitation: without empadronamiento histórico conjunto the INSS will deny it.
- No income proof: if you can’t show dependency, you lose the pension.
- Uploading blurry photos: unreadable documents = request for clarification and weeks lost.
- Not reporting changes (income, address, partner): they can suspend payments and demand repayment of undue amounts.
- 1.Go to the Sede Electrónica de la Seguridad Social and navigate to Pensiones y prestaciones > Supervivencia (viudedad, orfandad y a favor de familiares): https://sede.seg-social.gob.es
- 2.Log in with Cl@ve, certificado digital or DNIe and choose “Solicitar prestaciones de supervivencia”. Select the option “Pensión en favor de familiares”.
- 3.Fill in the online form: the deceased’s details, your relationship, living situation and financial dependence. Attach PDFs of the certificado de defunción, empadronamiento histórico conjunto, libro de familia and your income proofs.
- 4.Enter the bank account (IBAN) and tick the required declarations (changes in income, cohabitation, etc.). Review and sign the application electronically.
- 5.Save the registration receipt (reference number and PDF). If you’re missing documents, upload them later by responding to the INSS request via the sede or via electronic notification.
- 6.If you can’t ID yourself online, submit the application at a CAISS with an appointment (slower option) or use the sede form without a certificate and provide your mobile for SMS verification.
- DNI/NIE of the applicant and of the deceased (causante).
- Certificado literal de defunción del causante (Registro Civil).
- Libro de familia or certificates from the Registro Civil proving the family relationship.
- Certificado de empadronamiento histórico colectivo that proves you lived together with the deceased (normally the 2 years prior).
- Proof of the applicant’s income (pay slips, IRPF, pensions, vida laboral if relevant) and the bank account number (IBAN) for payment.
- Declaración de situación y dependencia económica (included in the supervivencia benefits application).
- Resolution/certificado de discapacidad of the applicant if any (grade and date), or tutela/acogimiento resolution for minors if applicable.
- Accident report or work-related illness documents and company certificates if the death was work-related (if they exist).
Limited retroactivity
If you apply late, they usually only grant back-pay for up to 3 meses from the application date. If you register within the 3 meses after the death, the effects start the day after the causative event.
Contributor’s contribution requirements
If the death was from a common illness, the deceased must meet minimum cotizaciones (generally, 500 días en los 5 años previos if they were active; or 15 años if they were not). In the case of an accident (work-related or not), no carencia is required.
Cohabitation and financial dependence
They will ask for empadronamiento histórico conjunto and proof you depended financially on the deceased. If things change (income, address, partner), report it or risk suspensions and recoveries.
Administrative silence
If there’s no resolution within 90 días, silence is a negative outcome (desestimatorio). Appeal in time (preliminary claim) if it’s denied.
¿Qué necesito para completar Favor de Familiares sin que me lo rechacen?
Favor de Familiares es gratuito en INSS / TGSS y se puede presentar por cuenta propia. El punto que interrumpe el trámite es que hace falta Cl@ve activa, y si no está dada de alta el registro previo puede tardar días. Además, hay que aportar 4 documentos a lo largo de 5 pasos, y la sede rechaza el envío completo si un solo dato no coincide con el que consta en el registro. GovEasy reúne y comprueba los 4 documentos antes de tocar la sede, para que el envío no se rechace por un dato descuadrado, y si no tienes la identificación digital lista, un gestor colegiado del marketplace lo presenta por ti.
- Cl@ve activa (PIN o permanente)
- GovEasy (extensión + gestor colegiado)
Who can apply for the pension in favour of family members?
Grandchildren and siblings of the deceased who meet the age, cohabitation and dependency rules; also parents, grandparents, children and siblings over 45 who lived with and cared for the deceased without other means. Always provided there’s no right to widowhood or orphan benefits.
How much do you get?
It’s a percentage of the deceased’s base regulatory amount and there are minimums and caps. The INSS calculates it based on your specific case (relationship, number of beneficiaries, etc.). If your income rises a lot, they can reduce or suspend it.
Can I work and still receive it?
It depends on your income and the beneficiary type. If you exceed certain limits or stop meeting dependency requirements, it can be suspended. Notify any change in income or cohabitation.
Is there a deadline to apply?
There’s no strict final deadline, but they only recognise arrears for up to 3 meses. If you register within the 3 meses after the death, payment counts from the day after the causative event.
Can I apply without Cl@ve or certificado digital?
Yes. The sede offers a form without certificate that uses SMS verification, but it’s slower and they’ll ask for more documents. Online with Cl@ve or certificado is faster.
What if the deceased was self-employed or had several jobs?
It doesn’t matter which regime: the INSS cross-checks contribution records from all regimes. You provide the basics; they’ll request anything missing.
Can they reclaim money afterwards?
Yes. If you received payments without meeting the requirements (e.g. you stopped cohabiting or exceeded income limits) they can ask for repayment. Keep your data updated.
¿Qué es Favor de Familiares y ante qué organismo se presenta?
Favor de Familiares es un trámite gestionado por INSS / TGSS. Trámite oficial de Favor de Familiares gestionado por INSS / TGSS. Incluye guía completa, requisitos y plazos reales según normativa vigente.
¿Cuánto cuesta realizar Favor de Familiares?
El coste de Favor de Familiares es Gratis. Verifica importes actualizados en la sede de INSS / TGSS antes de presentarlo.
¿Cuánto tarda Favor de Familiares?
El tiempo estimado para Favor de Familiares es 1–4 semanas. Puede variar según la carga del organismo INSS / TGSS y la complejidad del expediente.
¿Qué sistema de identificación necesito para Favor de Familiares?
Para Favor de Familiares el usuario requiere Cl@ve (PIN o permanente). Si no dispones del medio exigido, valora alternativas presenciales o apoderamiento.
¿Favor de Familiares necesita cita previa?
No, Favor de Familiares se puede iniciar sin cita previa. Puedes comenzar directamente por la sede electrónica o ventanilla correspondiente.
¿Necesito estar dado de alta para Favor de Familiares?
En muchos trámites ante el INSS o la TGSS, como Favor de Familiares, la Seguridad Social exige situación de alta, asimilada al alta o periodos mínimos cotizados. Comprueba tu vida laboral antes de solicitarlo.
¿Cómo compruebo el estado de mi solicitud de Favor de Familiares?
Puedes consultar el estado de Favor de Familiares en "Tu Seguridad Social" con Cl@ve, certificado o vía SMS. El INSS/TGSS también notifica resoluciones por carta o por la sede electrónica.
¿Qué puedo hacer si me deniegan Favor de Familiares?
Ante una denegación de Favor de Familiares puedes presentar reclamación previa en el plazo indicado en la resolución (normalmente 30 días) y, en su caso, demanda ante el juzgado de lo social.
¿Qué necesito para completar Favor de Familiares sin que me lo rechacen?
Para completar Favor de Familiares necesitas Cl@ve activa. GovEasy prepara el expediente y un gestor colegiado lo presenta por ti. Favor de Familiares es gratuito en INSS / TGSS y se puede presentar por cuenta propia. El punto que interrumpe el trámite es que hace falta Cl@ve activa, y si no está dada de alta el registro previo puede tardar días. Además, hay que aportar 4 documentos a lo largo de 5 pasos, y la sede rechaza el envío completo si un solo dato no coincide con el que consta en el registro. GovEasy reúne y comprueba los 4 documentos antes de tocar la sede, para que el envío no se rechace por un dato descuadrado, y si no tienes la identificación digital lista, un gestor colegiado del marketplace lo presenta por ti.
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Your next step
1.Go to the Sede Electrónica de la Seguridad Social and navigate to Pensiones y prestaciones > Supervivencia (viudedad, orfandad y a favor de familiares): https://sede.seg-social.gob.es
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